Gimana sih memulai langkah untuk melakukan literature review?
Berikut tahapannya menurut Eva O.L. Lantsoght (2018) dalam bukunya The A-Z of the PhD Trajectory A Practical Guide for a Successful Journey.
Pertama. Browsing the Academic Literature
A. How to find references
Start to browse your research topik based on “keywords” in Scopus/Google Scholar. Another good starting point : a review paper written by an authority in your field.
There are no real shortcut to know which references are important.
Read a lot!!
Recent issues of important journal, classic papers, books and technical documents.
If you start with a limited understanding of the scholarly output in a certain field, and you start to do research on a topic, you risk building something on a poor foundation.
B. Reading broadly and deeply
You need to gain an understanding of your research topic in depth, so you should study the reference that are important in your field in a detailed way.
Important that you understand :
(A) The key publication in your filed, vs
(B) Papers require less of your mental space and focus
Six stages of reading : 1. The novice, 2. The apprentice, 3. The sponge, 4. The concluder, 5. The interrelater, 6. The mongrel. (Selengkapnya bisa dibaca disini).
Kedua. Processing References
A. Storing references
Once you have started to download, copy, print references, you need to think about how you will keep your references accessible and searchable. Having your data structured, easily searchable, and regularly backed up.
Physical copies : binders (sort alphabetically by first author)
Digital copies : folder, software (mendeley)
B. Engaging with the literature
Don’t sit down and read for months on end. Engange with the literature from the beginning.
1. Summary : write a short summary of the paper you read
2. Discussion of set of papers
3. Discussion of a certain parameter (variabel-variabel yang dipake ..)
4. List of questions to discuss with supervisor
5. Description of short calculation
6. Derivation of theory
By developing small document discussing papers, you are gradually shaping your final literature review report.
When the day comes to start writing your literature review, you won’t be staring at a blinking cursor on a white screen, but you will have material available that you rearrange and interconnect to develop your full literature review report.
Ketiga. Finalizing Your Literature
A. When have you read enough?
Akan ada waktunya kita bertanya, “When am I done with reading?”.
Rephrase menjadi “When am I ready to write my literature review?”
Once you have reached : The Interrelater, you are in the right mindset to see the connections between the publication you have analyzed.
You move away from writing summaries of papers separately, and you move towards writing pieces that bring together a number of references -> You have enough material to bring it all together and write your literature review.
Another indicator :
(A) when you feel confident you have covered all the important references,
(B) when you read a new article : you find yourself nodding in agreement vs frowning in disagreement
B. Bringing everything together
When you feel ready to bring everything together, decide how you want to outline your literature review -> by theme/topic, subtopic
C. Keeping track of the literature after finishing the literature review
(A) Subscribe to updates of your favorite journal
(B) Follow your favorite researcher
(C) Google scholar recommendations
(D) Attend conferences
(E) Don’t forget to explore the history
(F) Don’t just pile, Read!
(G) Volunteer as a reviewer
Keempat. The next step : Turning your literature review into a dissertation chapter and journal paper
A. …… into a Dissertation Chapter (Big book PhD thesis)
The challenge lies in taking your information from the literature review report, and condensing it into an overview of 10-20 pages
B. …… into a Journal Paper
I would not recommend that the first paper you write is a review paper!
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Muhammad Fauzan
Selasa, 31 Januari 2023 (11.30 WIB)